Deuterium Fractionation Survey Toward Protostellar Sources in the Perseus Molecular Cloud: HNC Case

Muneaki Imai; Nami Sakai; Ana López-Sepulcre; Aya E. Higuchi; Yichen Zhang; Yoko Oya; Yoshimasa Watanabe; Takeshi Sakai; Cecilia Ceccarelli; Bertrand Lefloch; Satoshi Yamamoto

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaeb21

Deuterium Fractionation Survey Toward Protostellar Sources in the Perseus Molecular Cloud: HNC Case

Muneaki Imai, Nami Sakai, Ana López-Sepulcre, Aya E. Higuchi, Yichen Zhang, Yoko Oya, Yoshimasa Watanabe, Takeshi Sakai, Cecilia Ceccarelli, Bertrand Lefloch, Satoshi Yamamoto

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Abstract

A survey observation of the DNC (J = 1-0 and J = 3-2) and HN¹³C (J = 1-0 and J = 3-2) emission toward 34 Class 0 and I protostellar sources in the Perseus molecular cloud has been conducted with the NRO 45 m and IRAM 30 m telescopes to explore how the deuterium ratio of the neutral species changes after the birth of a protostar. We have detected the J = 1-0 and J = 3-2 lines of DNC toward 32 sources and the J = 1-0 and J = 3-2 lines of HN¹³C toward 31 and 26 sources, respectively. A mean deuterium ratio of HNC, which is defined as R _D(HNC) = N(DNC)/N(HNC), is found to be 0.049-0.056. We compare R _D(HNC) with physical parameters of the sources, and find a negative correlation between R _D(HNC) and the bolometric temperature. This result suggests that R _D(HNC) decreases as a protostar evolves. Compared with the deuterium ratio of the molecular ion N₂H⁺, R_D(HNC) seems to decrease slowly with the protostellar evolution.

Original language	English
Article number	51
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	869
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaeb21
Publication status	Published - 2018 Dec 10
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

ISM: abundances
ISM: molecules
stars: formation
stars: low-mass

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-4357/aaeb21

Cite this

@article{2a06ff2ea2ee4a3fa43e5b1585629c78,

title = "Deuterium Fractionation Survey Toward Protostellar Sources in the Perseus Molecular Cloud: HNC Case",

abstract = "A survey observation of the DNC (J = 1-0 and J = 3-2) and HN13C (J = 1-0 and J = 3-2) emission toward 34 Class 0 and I protostellar sources in the Perseus molecular cloud has been conducted with the NRO 45 m and IRAM 30 m telescopes to explore how the deuterium ratio of the neutral species changes after the birth of a protostar. We have detected the J = 1-0 and J = 3-2 lines of DNC toward 32 sources and the J = 1-0 and J = 3-2 lines of HN13C toward 31 and 26 sources, respectively. A mean deuterium ratio of HNC, which is defined as R D(HNC) = N(DNC)/N(HNC), is found to be 0.049-0.056. We compare R D(HNC) with physical parameters of the sources, and find a negative correlation between R D(HNC) and the bolometric temperature. This result suggests that R D(HNC) decreases as a protostar evolves. Compared with the deuterium ratio of the molecular ion N2H+, RD(HNC) seems to decrease slowly with the protostellar evolution.",

keywords = "ISM: abundances, ISM: molecules, stars: formation, stars: low-mass",

author = "Muneaki Imai and Nami Sakai and Ana L{\'o}pez-Sepulcre and Higuchi, {Aya E.} and Yichen Zhang and Yoko Oya and Yoshimasa Watanabe and Takeshi Sakai and Cecilia Ceccarelli and Bertrand Lefloch and Satoshi Yamamoto",

note = "Funding Information: The authors are grateful to the anonymous reviewer of this paper for their invaluable comments. The authors are grateful to the IRAM staff for successfully carrying out the IRAM 30 m observations and to the NRO staff for excellent support. The authors thank Yuri Aikawa for precious comments. This study is supported by KAKENHI (25108005, 15J01610, 16H03964, JP18J11010, and 18H05222). The authors acknowledge the financial support by JSPS and MAEE under the Japan–France integrated action programme. This work is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP18J11010. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.",

year = "2018",

month = dec,

day = "10",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/aaeb21",

language = "English",

volume = "869",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "1",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Deuterium Fractionation Survey Toward Protostellar Sources in the Perseus Molecular Cloud

T2 - HNC Case

AU - Imai, Muneaki

AU - Sakai, Nami

AU - López-Sepulcre, Ana

AU - Higuchi, Aya E.

AU - Zhang, Yichen

AU - Oya, Yoko

AU - Watanabe, Yoshimasa

AU - Sakai, Takeshi

AU - Ceccarelli, Cecilia

AU - Lefloch, Bertrand

AU - Yamamoto, Satoshi

N1 - Funding Information: The authors are grateful to the anonymous reviewer of this paper for their invaluable comments. The authors are grateful to the IRAM staff for successfully carrying out the IRAM 30 m observations and to the NRO staff for excellent support. The authors thank Yuri Aikawa for precious comments. This study is supported by KAKENHI (25108005, 15J01610, 16H03964, JP18J11010, and 18H05222). The authors acknowledge the financial support by JSPS and MAEE under the Japan–France integrated action programme. This work is supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP18J11010. Publisher Copyright: © 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

PY - 2018/12/10

Y1 - 2018/12/10

N2 - A survey observation of the DNC (J = 1-0 and J = 3-2) and HN13C (J = 1-0 and J = 3-2) emission toward 34 Class 0 and I protostellar sources in the Perseus molecular cloud has been conducted with the NRO 45 m and IRAM 30 m telescopes to explore how the deuterium ratio of the neutral species changes after the birth of a protostar. We have detected the J = 1-0 and J = 3-2 lines of DNC toward 32 sources and the J = 1-0 and J = 3-2 lines of HN13C toward 31 and 26 sources, respectively. A mean deuterium ratio of HNC, which is defined as R D(HNC) = N(DNC)/N(HNC), is found to be 0.049-0.056. We compare R D(HNC) with physical parameters of the sources, and find a negative correlation between R D(HNC) and the bolometric temperature. This result suggests that R D(HNC) decreases as a protostar evolves. Compared with the deuterium ratio of the molecular ion N2H+, RD(HNC) seems to decrease slowly with the protostellar evolution.

AB - A survey observation of the DNC (J = 1-0 and J = 3-2) and HN13C (J = 1-0 and J = 3-2) emission toward 34 Class 0 and I protostellar sources in the Perseus molecular cloud has been conducted with the NRO 45 m and IRAM 30 m telescopes to explore how the deuterium ratio of the neutral species changes after the birth of a protostar. We have detected the J = 1-0 and J = 3-2 lines of DNC toward 32 sources and the J = 1-0 and J = 3-2 lines of HN13C toward 31 and 26 sources, respectively. A mean deuterium ratio of HNC, which is defined as R D(HNC) = N(DNC)/N(HNC), is found to be 0.049-0.056. We compare R D(HNC) with physical parameters of the sources, and find a negative correlation between R D(HNC) and the bolometric temperature. This result suggests that R D(HNC) decreases as a protostar evolves. Compared with the deuterium ratio of the molecular ion N2H+, RD(HNC) seems to decrease slowly with the protostellar evolution.

KW - ISM: abundances

KW - ISM: molecules

KW - stars: formation

KW - stars: low-mass

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U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/aaeb21

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/aaeb21

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85058496922

VL - 869

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

SN - 0004-637X

IS - 1

M1 - 51

ER -

Deuterium Fractionation Survey Toward Protostellar Sources in the Perseus Molecular Cloud: HNC Case

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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