Abstract
A society consisting of agents who can freely choose to attack or not to attack others inevitably evolves into a battling society (a 'war of all against all'). We investigated whether strategies based on C. Schmitt's concept of the political, the distinction of a friend and an enemy, lead to the emergence and collapse of social order. Especially, we propose 'friend selection strategies' (FSSs), one of which we called the 'us-TFT' (tit for tat) strategy, which requires an agent to regard one who did not attack him or his 'friends' as a 'friend'. We carried out evolutionary simulations on an artificial society consisting of FSS agents. As a result, we found that the us-TFT results in a peaceful society with the emergence of an us-TFT community. In addition, we found that the collapse of a peaceful society is triggered by another FSS strategy called a 'coward'.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | JASSS |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| Publication status | Published - 2008 Jun |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- A Friend and an Enemy
- Carl Schmitt
- Community
- Coward
- Evolutionary Simulation
- Tit for Tat
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Social Sciences(all)
Cite this
Emergence and collapse of peace with friend selection strategies. / Nakai, Yutaka; Muto, Masayoshi.
In: JASSS, Vol. 11, No. 3, 06.2008.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Emergence and collapse of peace with friend selection strategies
AU - Nakai, Yutaka
AU - Muto, Masayoshi
PY - 2008/6
Y1 - 2008/6
N2 - A society consisting of agents who can freely choose to attack or not to attack others inevitably evolves into a battling society (a 'war of all against all'). We investigated whether strategies based on C. Schmitt's concept of the political, the distinction of a friend and an enemy, lead to the emergence and collapse of social order. Especially, we propose 'friend selection strategies' (FSSs), one of which we called the 'us-TFT' (tit for tat) strategy, which requires an agent to regard one who did not attack him or his 'friends' as a 'friend'. We carried out evolutionary simulations on an artificial society consisting of FSS agents. As a result, we found that the us-TFT results in a peaceful society with the emergence of an us-TFT community. In addition, we found that the collapse of a peaceful society is triggered by another FSS strategy called a 'coward'.
AB - A society consisting of agents who can freely choose to attack or not to attack others inevitably evolves into a battling society (a 'war of all against all'). We investigated whether strategies based on C. Schmitt's concept of the political, the distinction of a friend and an enemy, lead to the emergence and collapse of social order. Especially, we propose 'friend selection strategies' (FSSs), one of which we called the 'us-TFT' (tit for tat) strategy, which requires an agent to regard one who did not attack him or his 'friends' as a 'friend'. We carried out evolutionary simulations on an artificial society consisting of FSS agents. As a result, we found that the us-TFT results in a peaceful society with the emergence of an us-TFT community. In addition, we found that the collapse of a peaceful society is triggered by another FSS strategy called a 'coward'.
KW - A Friend and an Enemy
KW - Carl Schmitt
KW - Community
KW - Coward
KW - Evolutionary Simulation
KW - Tit for Tat
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=47049094035&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=47049094035&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
VL - 11
JO - Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation
JF - Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation
SN - 1460-7425
IS - 3
ER -