Abstract
The origin of the narrow Fe-Kα fluorescence line at 6.4 keV from active galactic nuclei has long been under debate; some of the possible sites are the outer accretion disk, the broad line region, a molecular torus, or interstellar/intracluster media. In February-March 2016, we performed the first X-ray microcalorimeter spectroscopy with the Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard the Hitomi satellite of the Fanaroff-Riley type I radio galaxy NGC 1275 at the center of the Perseus cluster of galaxies. With the high energy resolution of ∼ 5 eV at 6 keV achieved by Hitomi/SXS, we detected the Fe-Kα line with ∼ 5.4 σ significance. The velocity width is constrained to be 500-1600 km s-1(FWHM for Gaussian models) at 90% confidence. The SXS also constrains the continuum level from the NGC 1275 nucleus up to ∼ 20 keV, giving an equivalent width ∼ 20 eV of the 6.4 keV line. Because the velocity width is narrower than that of broad Ha line of ∼ 2750 km s-1, we can exclude a large contribution to the line flux from the accretion disk and the broad line region. Furthermore, we performed pixel map analyses on the Hitomi/SXS data and image analyses on the Chandra archival data, and revealed that the Fe-Kα line comes from a region within ∼ 1.6 kpc from the NGC 1275 core, where an active galactic nucleus emission dominates, rather than that from intracluster media. Therefore, we suggest that the source of the Fe-Kα line from NGC 1275 is likely a low-covering fraction molecular torus or a rotating molecular disk which probably extends from a pc to hundreds pc scale in the active galactic nucleus system.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | Unknown Journal |
| Publication status | Published - 2017 Nov 16 |
Keywords
- Galaxies: active
- Galaxies: individual (NGC 1275)
- Galaxies: radio galaxy
- Methods: observational
- X-rays: galaxies
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General
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Hitomi observation of radio galaxy NGC 1275 : The first X-ray microcalorimeter spectroscopy of Fe-Kα line emission from an active galactic nucleus. / Aharonian, Felix; Akamatsu, Hiroki; Akimoto, Fumie; Allen, Steven W.; Angelini, Lorella; Audard, Marc; Awaki, Hisamitsu; Axelsson, Magnus; Bamba, Aya; Bautz, Marshall W.; Blandford, Roger; Brenneman, Laura W.; Brown, Gregory V.; Bulbul, Esra; Cackett, Edward M.; Chernyakova, Maria; Chiao, Meng P.; Coppi, Paolo S.; Costantini, Elisa; De Plaa, Jelle; De Vries, Cor P.; Den Herder, Jan Willem; Done, Chris; Dotani, Tadayasu; Ebisawa, Ken; Eckart, Megan E.; Enoto, Teruaki; Ezoe, Yuichiro; Fabian, Andrew C.; Ferrigno, Carlo; Foster, Adam R.; Fujimoto, Ryuichi; Fukazawa, Yasushi; Furuzawa, Akihiro; Galeazzi, Massimiliano; Gallo, Luigi C.; Gandhi, Poshak; Giustini, Margherita; Goldwurm, Andrea; Gu, Liyi; Guainazzi, Matteo; Haba, Yoshito; Hagino, Kouichi; Hamaguchi, Kenji; Harrus, Ilana M.; Hatsukade, Isamu; Hayashi, Katsuhiro; Hayashi, Takayuki; Hayashida, Kiyoshi; Hiraga, Junko S.; Hornschemeier, Ann; Hoshino, Akio; Hughes, John P.; Ichinohe, Yuto; Iizuka, Ryo; Inoue, Hajime; Inoue, Yoshiyuki; Ishida, Manabu; Ishikawa, Kumi; Ishisaki, Yoshitaka; Iwai, Masachika; Kaastra, Jelle; Kallman, Tim; Kamae, Tsuneyoshi; Kataoka, Jun; Katsuda, Satoru; Kawai, Nobuyuki; Kelley, Richard L.; Kilbourne, Caroline A.; Kitaguchi, Takao; Kitamoto, Shunji; Kitayama, Tetsu; Kohmura, Takayoshi; Kokubun, Motohide; Koyama, Katsuji; Koyama, Shu; Kretschmar, Peter; Krimm, Hans A.; Kubota, Aya; Kunieda, Hideyo; Laurent, Philippe; Lee, Shiu Hang; Leutenegger, Maurice A.; Limousin, Olivier O.; Loewenstein, Michael; Long, Knox S.; Lumb, David; Madejski, Greg; Maeda, Yoshitomo; Maier, Daniel; Makishima, Kazuo; Markevitch, Maxim; Matsumoto, Hironori; Matsushita, Kyoko; Mccammon, Dan; Mcnamara, Brian R.; Mehdipour, Missagh; Miller, Eric D.; Miller, Jon M.; Mineshige, Shin; Mitsuda, Kazuhisa; Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki; Miyazawa, Takuya; Mizuno, Tsunefumi; Mori, Hideyuki; Mori, Koji; Mukai, Koji; Murakami, Hiroshi; Mushotzky, Richard F.; Nakagawa, Takao; Nakajima, Hiroshi; Nakamori, Takeshi; Nakashima, Shinya; Nakazawa, Kazuhiro; Nobukawa, Kumiko K.; Nobukawa, Masayoshi; Noda, Hirofumi; Odaka, Hirokazu; Ohashi, Takaya; Ohno, Masanori; Okajima, Takashi; Ota, Naomi; Ozaki, Masanobu; Paerels, Frits; Ṕaltani, Stephane; Petre, Robert; Pinto, Ciro; Porter, Frederick S.; Pottschmidt, Katja; Reynolds, Christopher S.; Safi-Harb, Samar; Saito, Shinya; Sakai, Kazuhiro; Sasaki, Toru; Sato, Goro; Sato, Kosuke; Sato, Rie; Sawada, Makoto; Schartel, Norbert; Serlemitsos, Peter J.; Seta, Hiromi; Shidatsu, Megumi; Simionescu, Aurora; Smith, Randall K.; Soong, Yang; Stawarz, Lukasz; Sugawara, Yasuharu; Sugita, Satoshi; Szymkowiak, Andrew; Tajima, Hiroyasu; Takahashi, Hiromitsu; Takahashi, Tadayuki; Takeda, Shin'ichiro; Takei, Yoh; Tamagawa, Toru; Tamura, Takayuki; Tanaka, Takaaki; Tanaka, Yasuo; Tanaka, Yasuyuki T.; Tashiro, Makoto S.; Tawara, Yuzuru; Terada, Yukikatsu; Terashima, Yuichi; Tombesi, Francesco; Tomida, Hiroshi; Tsuboi, Yohko; Tsujimoto, Masahiro; Tsunemi, Hiroshi; Tsuru, Takeshi Go; Uchida, Hiroyuki; Uchiyama, Hideki; Uchiyama, Yasunobu; Ueda, Shutaro; Ueda, Yoshihiro; Uno, Shin'ichiro; Urry, C. Megan; Ursino, Eugenio; Watanabe, Shin; Werner, Norbert; Wilkins, Dan R.; Williams, Brian J.; Yamada, Shinya; Yamaguchi, Hiroya; Yamaoka, Kazutaka; Yamasaki, Noriko Y.; Yamauchi, Makoto; Yamauchi, Shigeo; Yaqoob, Tahir; Yatsu, Yoichi; Yonetoku, Daisuke; Zhuravleva, Irina; Zoghbi, Abderahmen; Kawamuro, Taiki.
In: Unknown Journal, 16.11.2017.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Hitomi observation of radio galaxy NGC 1275
T2 - The first X-ray microcalorimeter spectroscopy of Fe-Kα line emission from an active galactic nucleus
AU - Aharonian, Felix
AU - Akamatsu, Hiroki
AU - Akimoto, Fumie
AU - Allen, Steven W.
AU - Angelini, Lorella
AU - Audard, Marc
AU - Awaki, Hisamitsu
AU - Axelsson, Magnus
AU - Bamba, Aya
AU - Bautz, Marshall W.
AU - Blandford, Roger
AU - Brenneman, Laura W.
AU - Brown, Gregory V.
AU - Bulbul, Esra
AU - Cackett, Edward M.
AU - Chernyakova, Maria
AU - Chiao, Meng P.
AU - Coppi, Paolo S.
AU - Costantini, Elisa
AU - De Plaa, Jelle
AU - De Vries, Cor P.
AU - Den Herder, Jan Willem
AU - Done, Chris
AU - Dotani, Tadayasu
AU - Ebisawa, Ken
AU - Eckart, Megan E.
AU - Enoto, Teruaki
AU - Ezoe, Yuichiro
AU - Fabian, Andrew C.
AU - Ferrigno, Carlo
AU - Foster, Adam R.
AU - Fujimoto, Ryuichi
AU - Fukazawa, Yasushi
AU - Furuzawa, Akihiro
AU - Galeazzi, Massimiliano
AU - Gallo, Luigi C.
AU - Gandhi, Poshak
AU - Giustini, Margherita
AU - Goldwurm, Andrea
AU - Gu, Liyi
AU - Guainazzi, Matteo
AU - Haba, Yoshito
AU - Hagino, Kouichi
AU - Hamaguchi, Kenji
AU - Harrus, Ilana M.
AU - Hatsukade, Isamu
AU - Hayashi, Katsuhiro
AU - Hayashi, Takayuki
AU - Hayashida, Kiyoshi
AU - Hiraga, Junko S.
AU - Hornschemeier, Ann
AU - Hoshino, Akio
AU - Hughes, John P.
AU - Ichinohe, Yuto
AU - Iizuka, Ryo
AU - Inoue, Hajime
AU - Inoue, Yoshiyuki
AU - Ishida, Manabu
AU - Ishikawa, Kumi
AU - Ishisaki, Yoshitaka
AU - Iwai, Masachika
AU - Kaastra, Jelle
AU - Kallman, Tim
AU - Kamae, Tsuneyoshi
AU - Kataoka, Jun
AU - Katsuda, Satoru
AU - Kawai, Nobuyuki
AU - Kelley, Richard L.
AU - Kilbourne, Caroline A.
AU - Kitaguchi, Takao
AU - Kitamoto, Shunji
AU - Kitayama, Tetsu
AU - Kohmura, Takayoshi
AU - Kokubun, Motohide
AU - Koyama, Katsuji
AU - Koyama, Shu
AU - Kretschmar, Peter
AU - Krimm, Hans A.
AU - Kubota, Aya
AU - Kunieda, Hideyo
AU - Laurent, Philippe
AU - Lee, Shiu Hang
AU - Leutenegger, Maurice A.
AU - Limousin, Olivier O.
AU - Loewenstein, Michael
AU - Long, Knox S.
AU - Lumb, David
AU - Madejski, Greg
AU - Maeda, Yoshitomo
AU - Maier, Daniel
AU - Makishima, Kazuo
AU - Markevitch, Maxim
AU - Matsumoto, Hironori
AU - Matsushita, Kyoko
AU - Mccammon, Dan
AU - Mcnamara, Brian R.
AU - Mehdipour, Missagh
AU - Miller, Eric D.
AU - Miller, Jon M.
AU - Mineshige, Shin
AU - Mitsuda, Kazuhisa
AU - Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki
AU - Miyazawa, Takuya
AU - Mizuno, Tsunefumi
AU - Mori, Hideyuki
AU - Mori, Koji
AU - Mukai, Koji
AU - Murakami, Hiroshi
AU - Mushotzky, Richard F.
AU - Nakagawa, Takao
AU - Nakajima, Hiroshi
AU - Nakamori, Takeshi
AU - Nakashima, Shinya
AU - Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
AU - Nobukawa, Kumiko K.
AU - Nobukawa, Masayoshi
AU - Noda, Hirofumi
AU - Odaka, Hirokazu
AU - Ohashi, Takaya
AU - Ohno, Masanori
AU - Okajima, Takashi
AU - Ota, Naomi
AU - Ozaki, Masanobu
AU - Paerels, Frits
AU - Ṕaltani, Stephane
AU - Petre, Robert
AU - Pinto, Ciro
AU - Porter, Frederick S.
AU - Pottschmidt, Katja
AU - Reynolds, Christopher S.
AU - Safi-Harb, Samar
AU - Saito, Shinya
AU - Sakai, Kazuhiro
AU - Sasaki, Toru
AU - Sato, Goro
AU - Sato, Kosuke
AU - Sato, Rie
AU - Sawada, Makoto
AU - Schartel, Norbert
AU - Serlemitsos, Peter J.
AU - Seta, Hiromi
AU - Shidatsu, Megumi
AU - Simionescu, Aurora
AU - Smith, Randall K.
AU - Soong, Yang
AU - Stawarz, Lukasz
AU - Sugawara, Yasuharu
AU - Sugita, Satoshi
AU - Szymkowiak, Andrew
AU - Tajima, Hiroyasu
AU - Takahashi, Hiromitsu
AU - Takahashi, Tadayuki
AU - Takeda, Shin'ichiro
AU - Takei, Yoh
AU - Tamagawa, Toru
AU - Tamura, Takayuki
AU - Tanaka, Takaaki
AU - Tanaka, Yasuo
AU - Tanaka, Yasuyuki T.
AU - Tashiro, Makoto S.
AU - Tawara, Yuzuru
AU - Terada, Yukikatsu
AU - Terashima, Yuichi
AU - Tombesi, Francesco
AU - Tomida, Hiroshi
AU - Tsuboi, Yohko
AU - Tsujimoto, Masahiro
AU - Tsunemi, Hiroshi
AU - Tsuru, Takeshi Go
AU - Uchida, Hiroyuki
AU - Uchiyama, Hideki
AU - Uchiyama, Yasunobu
AU - Ueda, Shutaro
AU - Ueda, Yoshihiro
AU - Uno, Shin'ichiro
AU - Urry, C. Megan
AU - Ursino, Eugenio
AU - Watanabe, Shin
AU - Werner, Norbert
AU - Wilkins, Dan R.
AU - Williams, Brian J.
AU - Yamada, Shinya
AU - Yamaguchi, Hiroya
AU - Yamaoka, Kazutaka
AU - Yamasaki, Noriko Y.
AU - Yamauchi, Makoto
AU - Yamauchi, Shigeo
AU - Yaqoob, Tahir
AU - Yatsu, Yoichi
AU - Yonetoku, Daisuke
AU - Zhuravleva, Irina
AU - Zoghbi, Abderahmen
AU - Kawamuro, Taiki
N1 - Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/11/16
Y1 - 2017/11/16
N2 - The origin of the narrow Fe-Kα fluorescence line at 6.4 keV from active galactic nuclei has long been under debate; some of the possible sites are the outer accretion disk, the broad line region, a molecular torus, or interstellar/intracluster media. In February-March 2016, we performed the first X-ray microcalorimeter spectroscopy with the Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard the Hitomi satellite of the Fanaroff-Riley type I radio galaxy NGC 1275 at the center of the Perseus cluster of galaxies. With the high energy resolution of ∼ 5 eV at 6 keV achieved by Hitomi/SXS, we detected the Fe-Kα line with ∼ 5.4 σ significance. The velocity width is constrained to be 500-1600 km s-1(FWHM for Gaussian models) at 90% confidence. The SXS also constrains the continuum level from the NGC 1275 nucleus up to ∼ 20 keV, giving an equivalent width ∼ 20 eV of the 6.4 keV line. Because the velocity width is narrower than that of broad Ha line of ∼ 2750 km s-1, we can exclude a large contribution to the line flux from the accretion disk and the broad line region. Furthermore, we performed pixel map analyses on the Hitomi/SXS data and image analyses on the Chandra archival data, and revealed that the Fe-Kα line comes from a region within ∼ 1.6 kpc from the NGC 1275 core, where an active galactic nucleus emission dominates, rather than that from intracluster media. Therefore, we suggest that the source of the Fe-Kα line from NGC 1275 is likely a low-covering fraction molecular torus or a rotating molecular disk which probably extends from a pc to hundreds pc scale in the active galactic nucleus system.
AB - The origin of the narrow Fe-Kα fluorescence line at 6.4 keV from active galactic nuclei has long been under debate; some of the possible sites are the outer accretion disk, the broad line region, a molecular torus, or interstellar/intracluster media. In February-March 2016, we performed the first X-ray microcalorimeter spectroscopy with the Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard the Hitomi satellite of the Fanaroff-Riley type I radio galaxy NGC 1275 at the center of the Perseus cluster of galaxies. With the high energy resolution of ∼ 5 eV at 6 keV achieved by Hitomi/SXS, we detected the Fe-Kα line with ∼ 5.4 σ significance. The velocity width is constrained to be 500-1600 km s-1(FWHM for Gaussian models) at 90% confidence. The SXS also constrains the continuum level from the NGC 1275 nucleus up to ∼ 20 keV, giving an equivalent width ∼ 20 eV of the 6.4 keV line. Because the velocity width is narrower than that of broad Ha line of ∼ 2750 km s-1, we can exclude a large contribution to the line flux from the accretion disk and the broad line region. Furthermore, we performed pixel map analyses on the Hitomi/SXS data and image analyses on the Chandra archival data, and revealed that the Fe-Kα line comes from a region within ∼ 1.6 kpc from the NGC 1275 core, where an active galactic nucleus emission dominates, rather than that from intracluster media. Therefore, we suggest that the source of the Fe-Kα line from NGC 1275 is likely a low-covering fraction molecular torus or a rotating molecular disk which probably extends from a pc to hundreds pc scale in the active galactic nucleus system.
KW - Galaxies: active
KW - Galaxies: individual (NGC 1275)
KW - Galaxies: radio galaxy
KW - Methods: observational
KW - X-rays: galaxies
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85095307820&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85095307820&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85095307820
JO - Unknown Journal
JF - Unknown Journal
ER -