In-orbit performance of the hard X-ray detector on board Suzaku

Motohide Kokubun; Kazuo Makishima; Tadayuki Takahashi; Toshio Murakami; Makoto Tashiro; Yasushi Fukazawa; Tuneyoshi Kamae; Greg M. Madejski; Kazuhiro Nakazawa; Kazutaka Yamaoka; Yukikatsu Terada; Daisuke Yonetoku; Shin Watanabe; Toru Tamagawa; Tsunefumi Mizuno; Aya Kubota; Naoki Isobe; Isao Takahashi; Goro Sato; Hiromitsu Takahashi; Soojing Hong; Madoka Kawaharada; Naomi Kawano; Takefumi Mitani; Mio Murashima; Masaya Suzuki; Keiichi Abe; Ryouhei Miyawaki; Masanori Ohno; Takaaki Tanaka; Takayuki Yanagida; Takeshi Itoh; Kousuke Ohnuki; Ken Ichi Tamura; Yasuhiko Endo; Shinya Hirakuri; Tatsuro Hiruta; Takao Kitaguchi; Tetsuichi Kishishita; Satoshi Sugita; Takuya Takahashi; Shin'ichiro Takeda; Teruaki Enoto; Ayumi Hirasawa; Jun'ichiro Katsuta; Satoshi Matsumura; Kaori Onda; Mitsuhiro Sato; Masayoshi Ushio; Shin Nosuke Ishikawa; Koichi Murase; Hirokazu Odaka; Masanobu Suzuki; Yuichi Yaji; Shinya Yamada; Tomonori Yamasaki; Takayuki Yuasa

doi:10.1093/pasj/59.sp1.s53

In-orbit performance of the hard X-ray detector on board Suzaku

Motohide Kokubun, Kazuo Makishima, Tadayuki Takahashi, Toshio Murakami, Makoto Tashiro, Yasushi Fukazawa, Tuneyoshi Kamae, Greg M. Madejski, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Yukikatsu Terada, Daisuke Yonetoku, Shin Watanabe, Toru Tamagawa, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Aya Kubota, Naoki Isobe, Isao Takahashi, Goro Sato, Hiromitsu TakahashiSoojing Hong, Madoka Kawaharada, Naomi Kawano, Takefumi Mitani, Mio Murashima, Masaya Suzuki, Keiichi Abe, Ryouhei Miyawaki, Masanori Ohno, Takaaki Tanaka, Takayuki Yanagida, Takeshi Itoh, Kousuke Ohnuki, Ken Ichi Tamura, Yasuhiko Endo, Shinya Hirakuri, Tatsuro Hiruta, Takao Kitaguchi, Tetsuichi Kishishita, Satoshi Sugita, Takuya Takahashi, Shin'ichiro Takeda, Teruaki Enoto, Ayumi Hirasawa, Jun'ichiro Katsuta, Satoshi Matsumura, Kaori Onda, Mitsuhiro Sato, Masayoshi Ushio, Shin Nosuke Ishikawa, Koichi Murase, Hirokazu Odaka, Masanobu Suzuki, Yuichi Yaji, Shinya Yamada, Tomonori Yamasaki, Takayuki Yuasa

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

247 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The in-orbit performance and calibration of the Hard X-ray Detector (HXD) on board the X-ray astronomy satellite Suzaku are described. Its basic performances, including a wide energy bandpass of 10-600 keV, energy resolutions of ∼ 4 keV (FWHM) at 40 keV and ∼ 11% at 511 keV, and a high background rejection efficiency, have been confirmed by extensive in-orbit calibrations. The long-term gains of PIN-Si diodes have been stable within 1% for half a year, and those of scintillators have decreased by 5-20%. The residual non-X-ray background of the HXD is the lowest among past non-imaging hard X-ray instruments in energy ranges of 15-70 and 150-500 keV. We provide accurate calibrations of energy responses, angular responses, timing accuracy of the HXD, and relative normalizations to the X-ray CCD cameras using multiple observations of the Crab Nebula.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	S53-S76
Journal	Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
Volume	59
Issue number	1 SPEC. ISS.
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/59.sp1.s53
Publication status	Published - 2007
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Instrumentation: detectors
X-rays: general
X-rays: individual (Crab Nebula)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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Kokubun, M., Makishima, K., Takahashi, T., Murakami, T., Tashiro, M., Fukazawa, Y., Kamae, T., Madejski, G. M., Nakazawa, K., Yamaoka, K., Terada, Y., Yonetoku, D., Watanabe, S., Tamagawa, T., Mizuno, T., Kubota, A., Isobe, N., Takahashi, I., Sato, G., ... Yuasa, T. (2007). In-orbit performance of the hard X-ray detector on board Suzaku. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, 59(1 SPEC. ISS.), S53-S76. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/59.sp1.s53

In-orbit performance of the hard X-ray detector on board Suzaku. / Kokubun, Motohide; Makishima, Kazuo; Takahashi, Tadayuki; Murakami, Toshio; Tashiro, Makoto; Fukazawa, Yasushi; Kamae, Tuneyoshi; Madejski, Greg M.; Nakazawa, Kazuhiro; Yamaoka, Kazutaka; Terada, Yukikatsu; Yonetoku, Daisuke; Watanabe, Shin; Tamagawa, Toru; Mizuno, Tsunefumi; Kubota, Aya; Isobe, Naoki; Takahashi, Isao; Sato, Goro; Takahashi, Hiromitsu; Hong, Soojing; Kawaharada, Madoka; Kawano, Naomi; Mitani, Takefumi; Murashima, Mio; Suzuki, Masaya; Abe, Keiichi; Miyawaki, Ryouhei; Ohno, Masanori; Tanaka, Takaaki; Yanagida, Takayuki; Itoh, Takeshi; Ohnuki, Kousuke; Tamura, Ken Ichi; Endo, Yasuhiko; Hirakuri, Shinya; Hiruta, Tatsuro; Kitaguchi, Takao; Kishishita, Tetsuichi; Sugita, Satoshi; Takahashi, Takuya; Takeda, Shin'ichiro; Enoto, Teruaki; Hirasawa, Ayumi; Katsuta, Jun'ichiro; Matsumura, Satoshi; Onda, Kaori; Sato, Mitsuhiro; Ushio, Masayoshi; Ishikawa, Shin Nosuke; Murase, Koichi; Odaka, Hirokazu; Suzuki, Masanobu; Yaji, Yuichi; Yamada, Shinya; Yamasaki, Tomonori; Yuasa, Takayuki.

In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Vol. 59, No. 1 SPEC. ISS., 2007, p. S53-S76.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Kokubun, M, Makishima, K, Takahashi, T, Murakami, T, Tashiro, M, Fukazawa, Y, Kamae, T, Madejski, GM, Nakazawa, K, Yamaoka, K, Terada, Y, Yonetoku, D, Watanabe, S, Tamagawa, T, Mizuno, T, Kubota, A, Isobe, N, Takahashi, I, Sato, G, Takahashi, H, Hong, S, Kawaharada, M, Kawano, N, Mitani, T, Murashima, M, Suzuki, M, Abe, K, Miyawaki, R, Ohno, M, Tanaka, T, Yanagida, T, Itoh, T, Ohnuki, K, Tamura, KI, Endo, Y, Hirakuri, S, Hiruta, T, Kitaguchi, T, Kishishita, T, Sugita, S, Takahashi, T, Takeda, S, Enoto, T, Hirasawa, A, Katsuta, J, Matsumura, S, Onda, K, Sato, M, Ushio, M, Ishikawa, SN, Murase, K, Odaka, H, Suzuki, M, Yaji, Y, Yamada, S, Yamasaki, T & Yuasa, T 2007, 'In-orbit performance of the hard X-ray detector on board Suzaku', Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, vol. 59, no. 1 SPEC. ISS., pp. S53-S76. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/59.sp1.s53

Kokubun, Motohide ; Makishima, Kazuo ; Takahashi, Tadayuki ; Murakami, Toshio ; Tashiro, Makoto ; Fukazawa, Yasushi ; Kamae, Tuneyoshi ; Madejski, Greg M. ; Nakazawa, Kazuhiro ; Yamaoka, Kazutaka ; Terada, Yukikatsu ; Yonetoku, Daisuke ; Watanabe, Shin ; Tamagawa, Toru ; Mizuno, Tsunefumi ; Kubota, Aya ; Isobe, Naoki ; Takahashi, Isao ; Sato, Goro ; Takahashi, Hiromitsu ; Hong, Soojing ; Kawaharada, Madoka ; Kawano, Naomi ; Mitani, Takefumi ; Murashima, Mio ; Suzuki, Masaya ; Abe, Keiichi ; Miyawaki, Ryouhei ; Ohno, Masanori ; Tanaka, Takaaki ; Yanagida, Takayuki ; Itoh, Takeshi ; Ohnuki, Kousuke ; Tamura, Ken Ichi ; Endo, Yasuhiko ; Hirakuri, Shinya ; Hiruta, Tatsuro ; Kitaguchi, Takao ; Kishishita, Tetsuichi ; Sugita, Satoshi ; Takahashi, Takuya ; Takeda, Shin'ichiro ; Enoto, Teruaki ; Hirasawa, Ayumi ; Katsuta, Jun'ichiro ; Matsumura, Satoshi ; Onda, Kaori ; Sato, Mitsuhiro ; Ushio, Masayoshi ; Ishikawa, Shin Nosuke ; Murase, Koichi ; Odaka, Hirokazu ; Suzuki, Masanobu ; Yaji, Yuichi ; Yamada, Shinya ; Yamasaki, Tomonori ; Yuasa, Takayuki. / In-orbit performance of the hard X-ray detector on board Suzaku. In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 2007 ; Vol. 59, No. 1 SPEC. ISS. pp. S53-S76.

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abstract = "The in-orbit performance and calibration of the Hard X-ray Detector (HXD) on board the X-ray astronomy satellite Suzaku are described. Its basic performances, including a wide energy bandpass of 10-600 keV, energy resolutions of ∼ 4 keV (FWHM) at 40 keV and ∼ 11% at 511 keV, and a high background rejection efficiency, have been confirmed by extensive in-orbit calibrations. The long-term gains of PIN-Si diodes have been stable within 1% for half a year, and those of scintillators have decreased by 5-20%. The residual non-X-ray background of the HXD is the lowest among past non-imaging hard X-ray instruments in energy ranges of 15-70 and 150-500 keV. We provide accurate calibrations of energy responses, angular responses, timing accuracy of the HXD, and relative normalizations to the X-ray CCD cameras using multiple observations of the Crab Nebula.",

keywords = "Instrumentation: detectors, X-rays: general, X-rays: individual (Crab Nebula)",

author = "Motohide Kokubun and Kazuo Makishima and Tadayuki Takahashi and Toshio Murakami and Makoto Tashiro and Yasushi Fukazawa and Tuneyoshi Kamae and Madejski, {Greg M.} and Kazuhiro Nakazawa and Kazutaka Yamaoka and Yukikatsu Terada and Daisuke Yonetoku and Shin Watanabe and Toru Tamagawa and Tsunefumi Mizuno and Aya Kubota and Naoki Isobe and Isao Takahashi and Goro Sato and Hiromitsu Takahashi and Soojing Hong and Madoka Kawaharada and Naomi Kawano and Takefumi Mitani and Mio Murashima and Masaya Suzuki and Keiichi Abe and Ryouhei Miyawaki and Masanori Ohno and Takaaki Tanaka and Takayuki Yanagida and Takeshi Itoh and Kousuke Ohnuki and Tamura, {Ken Ichi} and Yasuhiko Endo and Shinya Hirakuri and Tatsuro Hiruta and Takao Kitaguchi and Tetsuichi Kishishita and Satoshi Sugita and Takuya Takahashi and Shin'ichiro Takeda and Teruaki Enoto and Ayumi Hirasawa and Jun'ichiro Katsuta and Satoshi Matsumura and Kaori Onda and Mitsuhiro Sato and Masayoshi Ushio and Ishikawa, {Shin Nosuke} and Koichi Murase and Hirokazu Odaka and Masanobu Suzuki and Yuichi Yaji and Shinya Yamada and Tomonori Yamasaki and Takayuki Yuasa",

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AU - Kokubun, Motohide

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AU - Takahashi, Tadayuki

AU - Murakami, Toshio

AU - Tashiro, Makoto

AU - Fukazawa, Yasushi

AU - Kamae, Tuneyoshi

AU - Madejski, Greg M.

AU - Nakazawa, Kazuhiro

AU - Yamaoka, Kazutaka

AU - Terada, Yukikatsu

AU - Yonetoku, Daisuke

AU - Watanabe, Shin

AU - Tamagawa, Toru

AU - Mizuno, Tsunefumi

AU - Kubota, Aya

AU - Isobe, Naoki

AU - Takahashi, Isao

AU - Sato, Goro

AU - Takahashi, Hiromitsu

AU - Hong, Soojing

AU - Kawaharada, Madoka

AU - Kawano, Naomi

AU - Mitani, Takefumi

AU - Murashima, Mio

AU - Suzuki, Masaya

AU - Abe, Keiichi

AU - Miyawaki, Ryouhei

AU - Ohno, Masanori

AU - Tanaka, Takaaki

AU - Yanagida, Takayuki

AU - Itoh, Takeshi

AU - Ohnuki, Kousuke

AU - Tamura, Ken Ichi

AU - Endo, Yasuhiko

AU - Hirakuri, Shinya

AU - Hiruta, Tatsuro

AU - Kitaguchi, Takao

AU - Kishishita, Tetsuichi

AU - Sugita, Satoshi

AU - Takahashi, Takuya

AU - Takeda, Shin'ichiro

AU - Enoto, Teruaki

AU - Hirasawa, Ayumi

AU - Katsuta, Jun'ichiro

AU - Matsumura, Satoshi

AU - Onda, Kaori

AU - Sato, Mitsuhiro

AU - Ushio, Masayoshi

AU - Ishikawa, Shin Nosuke

AU - Murase, Koichi

AU - Odaka, Hirokazu

AU - Suzuki, Masanobu

AU - Yaji, Yuichi

AU - Yamada, Shinya

AU - Yamasaki, Tomonori

AU - Yuasa, Takayuki

PY - 2007

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N2 - The in-orbit performance and calibration of the Hard X-ray Detector (HXD) on board the X-ray astronomy satellite Suzaku are described. Its basic performances, including a wide energy bandpass of 10-600 keV, energy resolutions of ∼ 4 keV (FWHM) at 40 keV and ∼ 11% at 511 keV, and a high background rejection efficiency, have been confirmed by extensive in-orbit calibrations. The long-term gains of PIN-Si diodes have been stable within 1% for half a year, and those of scintillators have decreased by 5-20%. The residual non-X-ray background of the HXD is the lowest among past non-imaging hard X-ray instruments in energy ranges of 15-70 and 150-500 keV. We provide accurate calibrations of energy responses, angular responses, timing accuracy of the HXD, and relative normalizations to the X-ray CCD cameras using multiple observations of the Crab Nebula.

AB - The in-orbit performance and calibration of the Hard X-ray Detector (HXD) on board the X-ray astronomy satellite Suzaku are described. Its basic performances, including a wide energy bandpass of 10-600 keV, energy resolutions of ∼ 4 keV (FWHM) at 40 keV and ∼ 11% at 511 keV, and a high background rejection efficiency, have been confirmed by extensive in-orbit calibrations. The long-term gains of PIN-Si diodes have been stable within 1% for half a year, and those of scintillators have decreased by 5-20%. The residual non-X-ray background of the HXD is the lowest among past non-imaging hard X-ray instruments in energy ranges of 15-70 and 150-500 keV. We provide accurate calibrations of energy responses, angular responses, timing accuracy of the HXD, and relative normalizations to the X-ray CCD cameras using multiple observations of the Crab Nebula.

KW - Instrumentation: detectors

KW - X-rays: general

KW - X-rays: individual (Crab Nebula)

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JO - Publication of the Astronomical Society of Japan

JF - Publication of the Astronomical Society of Japan

SN - 0004-6264

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ER -

In-orbit performance of the hard X-ray detector on board Suzaku

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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