Abstract
Vitamin K is classified into three homologs depending on the side-chain structure, with 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoqumone as the basic skeleton. These homologs are vitamin K1 (phylloquinone: PK), derived from plants with a phythyl side chain; vitamin K2 (menaquinone-n: MK-n), derived from intestinal bacteria with an isoprene side chain; and vitamin K3 (menadione: MD), a synthetic product without a side chain. Vitamin K homologs have physiological effects, including in blood coagulation and in osteogenic activity via γ-glutamyl carboxylase and are used clinically. Recent studies have revealed that vitamin K homologs are converted to MK-4 by the UbiA prenyltransferase domain-containing protein 1 (UBIAD1) in vivo and accumulate in all tissues. Although vitamin K is considered to have important physiological effects, its precise activities and mechanisms largely remain unclear. Recent research on vitamin K has suggested various new roles, such as transcriptional activity as an agonist of steroid and xenobiotic nuclear receptor and differentiation-inducing activity in neural stem cells. In this review, we describe synthetic ligands based on vitamin K and exhibit that the strength of biological activity can be controlled by modification of the side chain part.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal | International journal of molecular sciences |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue number | 12 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2019 Jun 20 |
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Keywords
- derivatives research
- neural differentiation action
- steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR)
- UBIAD1
- vitamin K
- ã-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX)
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Catalysis
- Molecular Biology
- Spectroscopy
- Computer Science Applications
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry
Cite this
New Aspects of Vitamin K Research with Synthetic Ligands : Transcriptional Activity via SXR and Neural Differentiation Activity. / Hirota, Yoshihisa; Suhara, Yoshitomo.
In: International journal of molecular sciences, Vol. 20, No. 12, 20.06.2019.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - New Aspects of Vitamin K Research with Synthetic Ligands
T2 - Transcriptional Activity via SXR and Neural Differentiation Activity
AU - Hirota, Yoshihisa
AU - Suhara, Yoshitomo
PY - 2019/6/20
Y1 - 2019/6/20
N2 - Vitamin K is classified into three homologs depending on the side-chain structure, with 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoqumone as the basic skeleton. These homologs are vitamin K1 (phylloquinone: PK), derived from plants with a phythyl side chain; vitamin K2 (menaquinone-n: MK-n), derived from intestinal bacteria with an isoprene side chain; and vitamin K3 (menadione: MD), a synthetic product without a side chain. Vitamin K homologs have physiological effects, including in blood coagulation and in osteogenic activity via γ-glutamyl carboxylase and are used clinically. Recent studies have revealed that vitamin K homologs are converted to MK-4 by the UbiA prenyltransferase domain-containing protein 1 (UBIAD1) in vivo and accumulate in all tissues. Although vitamin K is considered to have important physiological effects, its precise activities and mechanisms largely remain unclear. Recent research on vitamin K has suggested various new roles, such as transcriptional activity as an agonist of steroid and xenobiotic nuclear receptor and differentiation-inducing activity in neural stem cells. In this review, we describe synthetic ligands based on vitamin K and exhibit that the strength of biological activity can be controlled by modification of the side chain part.
AB - Vitamin K is classified into three homologs depending on the side-chain structure, with 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoqumone as the basic skeleton. These homologs are vitamin K1 (phylloquinone: PK), derived from plants with a phythyl side chain; vitamin K2 (menaquinone-n: MK-n), derived from intestinal bacteria with an isoprene side chain; and vitamin K3 (menadione: MD), a synthetic product without a side chain. Vitamin K homologs have physiological effects, including in blood coagulation and in osteogenic activity via γ-glutamyl carboxylase and are used clinically. Recent studies have revealed that vitamin K homologs are converted to MK-4 by the UbiA prenyltransferase domain-containing protein 1 (UBIAD1) in vivo and accumulate in all tissues. Although vitamin K is considered to have important physiological effects, its precise activities and mechanisms largely remain unclear. Recent research on vitamin K has suggested various new roles, such as transcriptional activity as an agonist of steroid and xenobiotic nuclear receptor and differentiation-inducing activity in neural stem cells. In this review, we describe synthetic ligands based on vitamin K and exhibit that the strength of biological activity can be controlled by modification of the side chain part.
KW - derivatives research
KW - neural differentiation action
KW - steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR)
KW - UBIAD1
KW - vitamin K
KW - ã-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85068552628&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85068552628&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/ijms20123006
DO - 10.3390/ijms20123006
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31226734
AN - SCOPUS:85068552628
VL - 20
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
SN - 1661-6596
IS - 12
ER -