TY - GEN
T1 - Transformation of waste marigold flowers into porous carbons via hydrothermal carbonization
AU - Chaiammart, Nattapat
AU - Wongcharoen, Sittan
AU - Eiad-Ua, Apiluck
AU - Ishizaki, Takahiro
AU - Panomsuwan, Gasidit
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was financially supported by a Research Assistant Scholarship from the Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University (60/19/MATE/M.ENG). We would also like to gratefully thank the Shibaura Institute of Technology for support in materials characterization.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Vast quantities of marigold flowers are often discarded as waste at sacred places and temples after religious ceremonies in Thailand. This has motivated us to examine the utilization of waste marigold flowers as a precursor for the synthesis of porous carbons by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and pyrolysis. Waste marigold flowers were hydrothermally treated at 180 °C for 2, 12, and 24 h. The resultant hydrochars were subsequently pyrolyzed at 800 °C under argon (Ar) atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy analyses, the samples exhibited an amorphous phase regardless of HTC time. With increasing HTC time, the marigold surface became rougher and more ruptured. This resulted in the development of a porous structure, thereby increasing surface area. The specific surface area of carbon samples increased from 118 to 281 m2 /g with HTC increasing from 2 to 24 h, respectively. Increase of specific surface area mainly resulted from the development of a microporous structure at longer HTC times. Our results offer guidelines to control surface area and porosity through the adjustment of HTC conditions.
AB - Vast quantities of marigold flowers are often discarded as waste at sacred places and temples after religious ceremonies in Thailand. This has motivated us to examine the utilization of waste marigold flowers as a precursor for the synthesis of porous carbons by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and pyrolysis. Waste marigold flowers were hydrothermally treated at 180 °C for 2, 12, and 24 h. The resultant hydrochars were subsequently pyrolyzed at 800 °C under argon (Ar) atmosphere. Based on X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy analyses, the samples exhibited an amorphous phase regardless of HTC time. With increasing HTC time, the marigold surface became rougher and more ruptured. This resulted in the development of a porous structure, thereby increasing surface area. The specific surface area of carbon samples increased from 118 to 281 m2 /g with HTC increasing from 2 to 24 h, respectively. Increase of specific surface area mainly resulted from the development of a microporous structure at longer HTC times. Our results offer guidelines to control surface area and porosity through the adjustment of HTC conditions.
KW - Biomass
KW - Hydrothermal carbonization
KW - Marigold flowers
KW - Porous carbon
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U2 - 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.824.23
DO - 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.824.23
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85079840135
SN - 9783035715521
T3 - Key Engineering Materials
SP - 23
EP - 29
BT - Green Convergence on Materials Frontiers II
A2 - Amornsakchai, Taweechai
PB - Trans Tech Publications Ltd
T2 - 13th Pure and Applied Chemistry International Conference, PACCON 2019
Y2 - 7 February 2019 through 8 February 2019
ER -